Fiscal Policy And Trade Openness On Unemployment Essay

AHMED SALIM NUHU On The Impact of Fiscal Policy and Trade Openness on Unemployment in Namibia 1. Introduction Unemployment remains a fundamental challenge for policy makers around the globe as it simultaneously increases poverty and threatens social stability within a country (Goker, 2013). Even though the literature recognizes the critical role fiscal policy plays in mitigating unemployment and stabilizing the economy (Auerbach, Gale, and Harris, 2010), the extent to which it works effectively to achieve this remains an issue of debate amongst economists (Coate and Battaglini, 2011). However, the massive use of fiscal policy tools by governments in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis has, ignited a renewed interest in examining the role of fiscal policy in promoting growth and employment (Feldstein, 2009). A cursory survey at the literature however, reveals a lack of consensus on the fiscal policy-unemployment debate. For example, using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with search and matching frictions, Gomes (2010) found mixed responses of unemployment to different fiscal shocks. Bruckner and Pappa (2012) found that an increase in government consumption expenditure usually causes higher unemployment whilst Fatas and Mihov (2001) in their study of the United States economy and more recently, Unal, (2015) in his study of the Netherlands economy and, found that higher government consumption was an incentive for increases in employment. These heterogeneousShow MoreRelatedThe High Level Of Openness And Labor Mobility1642 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary The high level of openness and labor mobility are two of the essential criteria for a successful optimal currency area (OCA). EU and GCC countries are OCA in terms of openness because they have high economic openness level. Although the GCC has a low level of intra-regional trade, the fixed exchange rate regime still is the optimal due to the fact that the main export commodity is oil for GCC countries, they do not need to adjust the exchange rate between GCC countries due to theirRead MoreGlobalization and Human Welfare1656 Words   |  7 Pages International free trade has become the foundation of neoliberal globalization. The main organizations for carrying out free trade are World Trade Organization (WTO) established on 1995, International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank (WB). The main aim was to promote development and trade. Trade has become the lens through which development is perceived, rather than the other way round . The concept of trade evolved right from Adam Smith and David Ricardo who introduced the concept of comparativeRead MoreThe Welfare State and Government Responses to Economic Openness1668 Words   |  7 PagesThe Welfare State and Government Responses to Economic Openness I. Introduction Economic openness is the phenomenon in which individual economies from all over the world become increasingly connected and interdependent through greater liberalization of trade and the vast movement of goods, services, and capital across borders. With the rise of globalization, positive effects have resulted from economic openness. The widespread benefits of globalization have resulted in global economic growthRead MoreNetherlands Pestle1437 Words   |  6 Pagesinfrastructure FUTURE RISKS: ï‚Ÿ Early election before the end of the four year-parliamentary term ï‚Ÿ Public protest against bankers’ bonuses ï‚Ÿ Disagreement over immigration and foreign policy can lead to the disintegration of coalition STRENGTHS - Dutch economy benefits from the country’s liberal policies towards FDI. There is a substantial stream of FDI inflows and outflows due to no regulatory restrictions. Other benefits include: - Tax Incentives Corporate income tax rate for foreignRead MoreMonetary and Fiscal Policy Essay1508 Words   |  7 PagesMonetary Policy Monetary policy is the mechanism of a country’s monetary authority (usually the central bank) controlling money in the economy so as to promote economic growth and stability by creating relatively stable prices and low unemployment. A monetary policy mainly deals with the supply of money, availability of money, cost of money and the rate of interest so as to attain a set of objectives aiming towards growth and stability of the economy. Monetary policy is said to be expansionaryRead MoreEconomic And Economic Development Of The United States2518 Words   |  11 Pagesof debt and equity flows. More broadly, economic policies rooted in the philosophy of neoliberalism influence the macroeconomic factors of gross domestic product (GDP) and foreign direct investment (FDI) while excess returns on investment (ROIs) promote instability in market functions by affecting performance across firms and industries. Based on these observations, the economic future of the U.S. depends on the shaping of fiscal and monetary policies that create space for uncertainty as they wouldRead MoreThe Growth Of The Eurozone Essay1523 Words   |  7 Pagesthe increasing rates of unemployment and the decrease in government spending especially for social expenditures (i.e. Greece: 22% by 2015). A high standard of living also implicates a certain â€Å"connectedness† with family members, through the high youth unemployment rates in Spain, I taly etc. many young people leave their families in order to seek better opportunities in other countries (Stiglitz, 2016). Unemployment was on average 11% across the Eurozone and youth unemployment is levelled at twice thatRead MoreTrade Liberation Of India Reduce Unemployment1317 Words   |  6 Pages sowjanya tiruveedhula 10-27-2015 Did trade liberation in India reduce unemployment â€Æ' Contents 1. What is trade liberation 2 2. Trade liberation in India 2 3. Back ground of trade liberation in India 2 4. Trade liberation and employment 3 5. Trade and Employment 4 6. Unemployment rate 5 7. Output 5 8. Summary 5 Bibliography 6 1. What is trade liberation The elimination or decrease of restrictions or obstructions on the free exchange of goods amongst nations. This comprises theRead MoreHong Kongs Economic Forecast1212 Words   |  5 Pagesthat is highly open to trade, it is also highly susceptible to global economic shocks. This is most recently evidenced by the GDP slowdown to 1.7% driven by negative trade developments and the inevitable drop in exports due to the global economic crisis. However, despite the weak global economy, Hong Kongs growth has rebounded due to the resilience of domestic demand along with low unemployment, most notably in low-skilled sectors. Additionally, beneficial fiscal policies providing counter-cyclicalRead MoreA Project Of The World Bank Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagesindividual loan size was 219,605 birr (nearly $11,000), the line of credit offered helps the in two parts; it gives female business owners a fighting chance against the male dominated economic world, and helps alleviate some of the cou ntry’s stress of unemployment by opening these small businesses. â€Å"3,227 entrepreneurs were given this special line of credit between January 2014 to September 2015 and about 76% of borrowers had never had a loan before, yet the repayment rate is 99.4%†(â€Å"In Ethiopia, Female

Romantic Comedy in Twelfth Night - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1358 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Literature Essay Level High school Topics: Twelfth Night Essay William Shakespeare Essay Did you like this example? Romance and comedy are both very important parts of what makes the play, Twelfth Night, entertaining and fun to watch. This story from William Shakespeare is classified as a Romantic Comedy play. Comedy should entertain a general audience; a romantic comedy is classified as a play that deals with love in a light yet humorous way. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Romantic Comedy in Twelfth Night" essay for you Create order It is usually a dramatic work that is light, and often set in a satirical tone (a literary work in which sarcasm is used to entertain). Twelfth Night is believed to have been written around 1601â€Å"1602 as twelfth nights entertainment for the close of the Christmas season. The play is centered on twins Viola and Sebastian, who are separated in a shipwreck. William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright, and actor who was widely regarded as both the greatest writer in the English language. The audience at a comedy is likely to feel slightly superior, and distant from the comic figures. In the Twelfth Night, William Shakespeare uses different literary devices along with romance and comedy to present to his audience different types of humor through a specific character named Sir Toby Belch. Sir Toby Belch, who is a funny drunkard, is not the smartest person and he also causes trouble throughout the play. Sir Toby Belch is a character in Shakespeares, Twelfth Night. At the beginning of the play, Sir Toby is said the be the Lord of the Misrule, who was appointed to manage the Christmas festivities held at court during this time of celebration. Sir Toby Belch is fair lady Olivias uncle in this romantic comedy play. Sir Toby is funny yet embarrassing when he is drunk. Sir Toby Belch lives with his niece Olivia. Olivia is a beautiful Illyria lady, and she does not approve of his heavy drinking problem. Sir Toby partakes in this behavior along with his friend Sir Andrew Aguecheek. Sir Andrew is the type of character who thinks highly of himself, but he is not the smartest character. Some might even say he is dumb. Sir Toby takes advantage of Sir Andrew Aguecheek using constant flattery and making Sir Andrew believe that he can win Olivias hand in marriage. Olivia is sad throughout the play because she lost her brother. But because of her wealth and her beauty she is loved by several men, a ll of which want to marry her. Thought-out the play different men would try and get Olivia to marry them, and Orsino ends up proposing to Olivia. The fighting over Olivia can also contribute to the romantic comedy of the play. Sir Toby knows that Sir Andrew is a fool and a coward, but he continues to be his friend because they can be dumb together which makes the comedy in the play even better. Sir Toby states Never trust me, then. And by all means stir on the young to an answer. I think oxen and wainropes cannot hale them together. For Andrew, if he were opened and you find so much blood in his liver as will clog the foot of a flea, Ill eat the rest of the anatomy (Act 3, Scene 2, lines 53-57). This states that Sir Toby thinks that Sir Andrew is not the smartest person, and he uses his comedy to show how much he thinks this is true. This also shows how he uses his humor to connect with the audience and keep them interested as the play goes on. The humor of Sir Toby and Sir Andrew c ontinues through-out the play. I hate a drunken rogue (Act 5, Scene 1, lines 198). These are ironic words coming from Sir Toby Belch, who provides most of the humor in Twelfth Night and is best described as a drunk. We are first introduced to Sir Toby in Act 1, scene 3 when Maria is chiding him for disturbing Olivias household with his nightly drinking, late hours, and the poor company he keeps. Maria is Olivias gentlewoman. While Maria is trying to keep Sir Toby from being stubborn like he is Sir Toby states, Confine? Ill confine myself no finer than I am. These clothes are good enough to drink in, and so be these boots too- an they be not, let them hang themselves in their own straps! (Act 1, Scene 3, lines 9-12). In this quotation Sir Toby uses puns and a metaphor saying that the boots should hang themselves with their straps giving the word hang a double meaning. This is humorous as he is using many forms of phrasing that the audience in Shakespearean times would have found hilarious. This may not necessarily be funny in the current 21st century, but this is still funny today, just maybe not as funny as it was then. The audience has a lot to do with how funny the play was. Many people would not go to see a play like the Twelfth Night today just because it is not what people are interested in. The atmosphere also contributes to the play and how the audience reacts to the play. During the 17th century plays are in outdoor theaters called globe theaters. Sir Toby has many flaws that one might could say shine brightly throughout the play. He is also very unpredictable, which is shown when he marries Maria even though she is Olivias gentlewoman and is below Sir Tobys noble class. The noble classes during this period are very important. Noble classes are different classifications from rich, middle, and poor. Most of the time, people do not marry outside of their noble classes, but in the play Sir Toby marries Maria. It is also funny to the audience that Sir Toby marries a gentlewoman. A gentlewoman is a woman who is good to her family, smart, and has good manners. This is humorous to the audience because Sir Toby is the complete opposite in the fact that he has terrible manners and is not that smart. Sir Toby and Maria are married by the end of the play. Sir Toby marries Maria to make Malvolio jealous which makes Malvolio mad because he thought that Maria loved him. Sir Toby can be summed up by this line, Dost thou think, because thou art virtuous, there shall be no more cakes and ales (Act 2, Scene 3, lines 114-115). This line shows that Sir Toby plans to live his life the way he chooses to, and he basically is saying that no one can stop him or try to make him live any other way. This is just the type of person that Sir Toby is through the play. Throughout the entire play Sir Toby does not let people tell him what to do. This is mostly because he thinks that he is smart and as it has been stated before he is not that smart, he is mostly a drunk. Twelfth Night is a romantic comedy play wrote by William Shakespeare around 1601â€Å"1602 as entertainment for the close of the Christmas season. This wonderful play by Shakespeare is a romantic comedy which is a play that deals with love in a light yet humorous way. Shakespeare has written many different plays, but this one is more humorous than any of the others. There are several characters in this play that are humorous, but Sir Toby Belch sticks out the most. Sir Tobys personality is like a comedian by the way he keeps the audience laughing as the play goes on. He is also good at the creation of problems with his unique yet strange personality. Sir Toby is the most enjoyable character in the entire play. It might be argued that Sir Toby has a very irresponsible and nature, which may come across as an unattractive aspect of his character throughout the play. In the Twelfth Night, William Shakespeare uses different ways of humor to make up this romantic comedy play. Much of the humor in Twelfth Night comes from Sir Toby Belch, Sir Toby Belch is a funny drunk who mostly causes problems and keep the play humorous. Work Cited Shakespeare, William. Twelfth Night. The Norton Anthology of English Literature, edited by Stephen Greenblatt et al, ed. 9, vol. B, W.W. Norton Company, 2012, pp. 1189-1250.

Psychedelic Musicians in Rock and Roll Essay - 2742 Words

Psychedelic Musicians in Rock and Roll In 1967 the Beatles were in Abbey Road Studios putting the finishing touches on their album Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band. At one point Paul McCartney wandered down the corridor and heard what was then a new young band called Pink Floyd working on their hypnotic debut, The Piper at the Gates of Dawn. He listened for a moment, then came rushing back. Hey guys, he reputedly said, Theres a new band in there and theyre gonna steal our thunder. With their mix of blues, music hall influences, Lewis Carroll references, and dissonant experimentation, Pink Floyd was one of the key bands of the 1960s psychedelic revolution, a pop culture movement that emerged with American and British rock,†¦show more content†¦The zeitgeist of the time was the final collapse of a certain kind of thinking. The seeds were sown for feminism, for the whole notion of cyberspace, ecology, and the whole philosophy of Gaia. Suzy Hopkins, formerly Suzy Creamcheese, a dancer and inspirational figure on the underground scene in Los Angeles and London, remembers the visceral way psychedelic culture affected the senses. Theres a difference between a drug and a psychedelic. Drugs make you drugged and psychedelics enhance your ability to see the truth or reality, she says. For her, LSD and music created a kind of alchemy. When I start to dance, at a certain point, the dance takes over and the music is dancing me. Dancing is this electric enhancement of your spine by sound. Many psychedelic bands explored this sense of abandonment in their music, moving away from standard rock rhythms and instrumentation. The Grateful Dead of San Francisco, for instance, created an improvisatory mix of country rock, blues, and acid RB on albums like The Grateful Dead (1967) and Anthem of the Sun (1968), while another Frisco band, Jefferson Airplane (fronted by the striking vocalist Grace Slick), sang of the childlike hallucinatory delights of an acid trip in the 1967 Top Ten hit White Rabbit. In Los Ang eles the multiracial band Love played whimsical,Show MoreRelatedMusic Of The 60s Help Shape Modern Australian Society1259 Words   |  6 PagesDylan, a folk musician of the sixties: an era in which the music heavily influenced the culture of the time and continues to influence the music and culture today. The music and artists of the 60s influenced radio and television, the music, fashion and lifestyles of the people, particularly youth, heavily influenced the popular culture Australia, USA, Britain and other Western Countries. The music of the â€Å"swinging 60s†especially influenced the lives of many teenagers, with the rock ’n’ roll craze of theRead MoreMusic Improvements During The 1960s Essay978 Words   |  4 Pagespeople had to discover? Music is a powerful apparatus that shapes generations. In the 1960’s, music was a force that affected the way people thought and behaved(Welch). During that period, people started composing their music in different ways. Many musicians wanted to share important messages or their opinions about situations on that time: Protest songs were born. For example, Bob Dylan and Woody Guthrie in their songs â€Å"Blowin’ in the Wind† and â€Å"This Machine Kills Fascists† were protesting against warsRead More Music Of The 60s Essay1359 Words   |  6 PagesAll of these components caused a revolutionary change in the world of popular Music. The beginning of Rock and roll started with The Twist. by Chubby Checker This song changed our dancing moves. Other dance songs that helped this period of rock and roll along include: The Mash Potato, The Monster Mash ,the Pony, The Swim, The Jerk, The Monkey, and The Hully Gully. The first New York white rock star was Dion. He was the lead singer of the band the Belmonts. He was one of the the few rockers in hisRead More Lysergic Acid Diethylamide Essay1609 Words   |  7 Pagessixties were a time filled with sex, drugs, and rock and roll. A huge part of American culture at the time was focused around these three things. Musicians possessed a tremendous amount of social influence, and like wise, society put a lot of emphasis on the lives and attitudes of musicians. Of the rock groups from this time period, the Beatles were by far the most influential. The British rock group was probably the most catalytic band in rock and roll history. Although they came together in the shadowRead MoreHow the Hippies Counterculture Transformed Music Essay2277 Words   |  10 PagesIn the 1950’s and 1960’s, rebellion and music were synonymous. The 1950’s brought widespread attention to a new kind of music coined as â€Å"Rock ‘n’ Roll†. Because parents deemed the music as sinful, the youth used it to establish an identity for themselvess. In the 1960’s, the rebellion was given a collective charge when young adults voiced displeasure over the country’s entrance into the Vietnam War and the use of nuclear weapons. One group within this movement was coined the â€Å"hippies†. This paperRead MoreThe History of Rock and Roll Essay2144 Words   |  9 PagesRock and roll has developed a long way throughout the years from a dance craze in the 1950s to a political and cultural landscape that is recognized worldwide. Rock and roll has come to define the roots of teenage rebellion, people who dont follow the norms, and have disrespect for authority. The style of rock and roll itself is a melting pot of music, a combination of sounds that include jazz, country, blues, ragtime, gospel, swing, classical, and ethnic music. It can be a simple variation ofRead MoreThe ‘60s: Culture and Music Essay1478 Words   |  6 Pagesinstitution and other various aspects of life. Era marked by civil rights movement, Vietnam War, environment of drug abuse and sexual freedom formed new music like: folk rock, soul and psychedelic rock. These genres starkly contrast the teen idol music of ‘50s pop mainstream. Writes John Covach; â€Å"World was exploding, and rock musicians were listening more closely than ever.†(Covach, 152) Such stark contrast in pop music directly relay to changing social culture in America, which further echo’s the relationshipRead More The History of Rock and Roll Essay2089 Words   |  9 Pages Rock and roll has developed a long way throughout the years from a dance cra ze in the 1950’s to a political and cultural landscape that is recognized worldwide. Rock and roll has come to define the roots of teenage rebellion, people who don’t follow the norms, and have disrespect for authority. The style of rock and roll itself is a melting pot of music, a combination of sounds that include jazz, country, blues, ragtime, gospel, swing, classical, and ethnic music. It can be a simple variationRead More The Psychedelic Sixties Essay3476 Words   |  14 Pagessex, and a strong commitment to quot;peace and love.quot; These political and social changes such as the civil rights movements and the new quot;counter-culturequot; had lasting effects on one specific element of the decade: rock and roll music. Rock and roll musicians were not much different from any other Americans in that they were forced to go through the same hardships as the rest of the people, such as racial discrimination and unjust government, or Establishment. The main difference isRead MoreThe Extrordinary Influence of the Beatles Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band 1780 Words   |  7 Pagesmusic to come. The album helped popularize concept albums, in which songs are connected to a theme, which would inspire many musicians to do the same. Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band was a psychedelic rock album; a manifestation of life in the 1960’s. This genre of rock is home to the work of numerous artists who were influenced by the album’s use of this style of rock. The hours of work put into by the Beatles to create this album surpassed those of any of their albums. Not only that, it altered

Justice Is Worth The Time - 1944 Words

Justice to everyone has different meanings; it can mean fighting for what you think is right, behavior, or equity. Justice is worth the time in and become aware of its self. Justice appeals to human psychology, rather than perceived behavior. As stated in Plato’s Republic â€Å"Well said, Cephalus, I replied; but as concerning justice, what is it? To speak the truth and pay your debts no more than this? And even to this are there not exceptions? Suppose that a friend when in his right mind has deposited arms with me asks for them when he is not in his right mind, ought I to give them back to him? No one would say that I ought always to speak the truth to one who is in his condition.†(Jowett, page 4) Cephalus concludes that justice means paying†¦show more content†¦Justice is useful to the individual and to the state. Justice is useful when they are useless and useless when it is useful. Polemarchus asked Socrates about him, Homer and Simonides agreeing on justi ce as an art and can be practiced to help good people and to harm enemies. Socrates doesn’t agree with that and he still doesn’t give us a good answer of what justice is and how to define it. It’s clear that Socrates is not giving answer of what it is he’s just saying what’s wrong but not right answer. In the text Socrates states, â€Å"Let me first understand you, I replied. Justice, as you say, is the interest of the stronger. What, Thrasymachus, is the meaning of this? You cannot mean to say that because Polydamas, the pancratiast, is stronger than we are, and finds the eating of beef conducive to his bodily strength, that to eat beef is therefore equally for our good who are weaker than he is, and right and just for us?.’(Jowett, page 12) Leading on, Socrates didn’t mean the word stronger as someone who is actually physically strong he meant deep within, someone who is strong minded. Justice is the compliance which subject provid es to their commands, the weaker are commanded to do, not what is for the interest but what is for the injury of the stronger. It is pretty clear through the conversation that Socrates and Thrasymachus were having that they share a mutual dislike

Primary Research and Statistical Analysis

Question: Discuss about the Primary Research and Statistical Analysis. Answer: Introduction: The author presents how the development economic ideas have evolved during the last fifty years with special reference to planning in third world countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America. The planning approach to economic development was immensely popular during the 1950s to 1970s as it was felt that markets cannot perform the developmental functions effectively and also that the third world countries would increasingly become dependent on developed countries. The degree of planning in various nations varied and so did the degree of protectionism offered to selected domestic industries. Further, the proponents of planning were extremely reluctant to currency adjustments as it was widely held that the elasticity to prices for most of these countries would be low. However, with time and underperformance the planning approach paved way to a more open and liberal economic policy which was highly dependent on trade and foreign investment. In the light of above developments, the developed countries have continued to provide foreign aid which formally got established in the cold war era. The intention of this aid was to bring about economic development; however there is intense debate with regards to the precise implementation and effect of the foreign aid in the recipient nations. Methods The given paper relies on literature review as the key mechanism for highlighting the change in development economics over the last five decades with particular reference to the instances of various nations from the developing and underdeveloped world. Further, the alternative viewpoints and findings of the various scholars, researchers, economists and academicians are also presented in a systematic manner with regards to changing economic policies and the impact of foreign aid along with the key role played by agencies like IMF. Contribution The given paper has immense relevance for global policymakers and economists as it highlights the host of viewpoints and experiences with regards to foreign aid assistance being provided. Through this discussion, it emerges that the actual impact and underlying mechanism of ensuring the same is indeed complex and has multiple parameters. Thus, this rejects any simplistic model of providing foreign aid so as to ensure that the desired end result is achieved. Both the donor nations, any institutions involved along with the recipient nation should together forge processes and mechanisms by drawing on existing literature and international experience in this regard. Further the study also indicates that more detailed research and theory building is required in relation to evaluate foreign aid effectiveness takes into factors a plethora of factors as the current simplistic approaches are not sufficient. Additionally, the paper makes a strong case for liberalisation and open economy as against protectionism. Meanwhile, the paper also highlights the underlying evolution of development economics and its precise impact on the nature and form of foreign aid received amidst the increasing role of international agencies. Key Findings One of the findings of the paper is that the planning approach adopted during the 1950s was heavily influenced by the work of various economists and was essentially faced on incorrect premises which led to breeding of inefficiency and inefficiency. As a result, the economic growth in the third world countries was adversely impacted and resulted in the formation of depending relationship with developed nations. Further, with regards to studying the impact of foreign aid a host of factors such as the mechanism of aid extended, time period , the recipient country and thus a general theory with unilateral conclusion must be avoided. Also, typically there are many channels through which the foreign aid impacts the recipient economic and this process is overall complex and must not be subject to generalised theoretical framework and analysis. Critical Review Even though the paper does an impressive job at presenting a systematic view of the evolution of development economics along with the effectiveness of foreign aid, the study has the following shortcomings. No primary research and statistical analysis The given study limits itself to only literature review which is essentially generic and in view of the diverse opinion of the economists does not present any relevant direction to the policymakers and aid agencies. It would have been better if the author would have limited the research to some countries and based on the data obtained through secondary source would have tried to make an inference by indulging in statistical analysis. In this regard, it would have made sense to present the case of certain select nations and based on the analysis of each of these nations, certain parameters be identified which are comparatively more significant. Limited utility for further research The given research does not go a long way in paving way for further research on the topic as it concludes by saying that the given topic requires detective like work since the subject is difficult. This conclusion has been derived in other studies also and it is also known that with regards to utility foreign aid, the empirical evidence is divided which provides only limited conclusions. In this backdrop, it would have been better, if the author could have through research enabled the identification of certain parameters that are considerably more critical and suggested mechanisms from examples of some successful countries. This could have provided an adequate base and limited generalisation which could then have been used to conduct more detailed research on the subject.

One flew over The Cuckoos Nest Essay Example For Students

One flew over The Cuckoos Nest Essay One flew over the Cuckoo’s nest, by Ken Kesey, is about patients and doctors in a mental institution. The author talks a lot about what goes on in this institute. The main points in this book deal with control, be it the character of McMurphy who is unable to handle control, or Nurse Ratched the head nurse on the ward whose job requires her to be in control. The world of One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest is dark; it is a place where control leads to destruction, but the novel shows through the character of The Chief that there is still hope if the people who are being controlled have the power to resist. Nurse Ratched is a mean woman whose job revolves around control. She depends on people who are less fortunate than her to make a living. Her need to control others is an unfortunate trait that she has because it makes people unable to think for themselves and it also leads to destruction. One example of this is when Nurse Ratched caught one of the patients (Billy Bibbit) with a woman. The nurse feeling the need to control Billy threatened to tell his mother. Billy begged Nurse Ratched not to tell her but when his requests were refused Billy slashed his neck with a broken bottle and killed himself. Billy’s life was destroyed because of Nurse Ratched’s need to control others. Another place that we see the dark world is when we examine the relationship between Nurse Ratched and R. P. McMurphy. McMurphy is a happy and rebellious man. He is not used to being controlled, so when he gets into the institution he refuses to be controlled by Nurse Ratched, â€Å"I can get the best of that woman- before the week is up-without her getting the best of me†. Nurse Ratched constantly feels the need to control McMurphy. Ever since the moment that McMurphy walks into the institute Nurse Ratched tells him what to do, when to sit in the circle, when to eat, when to take his medicine, and so on. At first McMurphy tries not to listen to Nurse Ratched because he doesn’t want anyone to feel stronger than him, â€Å"A man go around lettin’ a woman whup him down till he can’t laugh no more and he loses the biggest edge he’s got on his side. First thing you know he’ll begin to think she’s tougher than he is†. Near the end of the novel when Billy Bibbit commits suicide, because of Nurse Ratched, McMurphy strangles her while attempting to kill her. At that point the nurse realizes that there is no way to control McMurphy, so McMurphy is then given a lobotomy and is no longer able to function as a normal human being. McMurphy’s freedom to live was taken away, he was left as a lifeless human being because of Nurse Ratched’s inability to control him. Throughout the novel we see people being controlled, lives being destroyed, and people being brainwashed. We also see one character who is able to resist, to hide from, and totally ignore the Nurses, Doctors, and the others trying to control him. His name is Mr. Brombden but goes by the name of Big Chief. Chief pretends that he his deaf and dumb so that he doesn’t have to answer to the authority figures on the ward. In his mind he has an idea that there is fog all around him, and whenever he is told what to do or where to go he hides behind the fog. The fog is the chief’s escape â€Å"you can slip back in it and feel safe†. To what extent is the novel The Sound of Waves a good depiction of the genre Bildungsroman? EssayThis creates a more dramatic atmosphere, tension, makes the audience concentrate on Chiefs emotions and shows that Mac is unable to make any sound or move. However, when Chief moves towards the window its getting lighter; finally when he breaks the window and is free, in day-light the viewers can see the difference between inside and outside of the hospital. The audience can notice this through the whole film; its always darker inside the hospital, and when Mac and the others go out, like for example when they go fishing, the lighting is much brighter. This may suggest that the patients were not allowed to have as much day-light as theyd have at liberty. But, chose of symbolism in the main scene of One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest was the directors choice to expose the powerful emotions on Chiefs face when hes killing Mac. Another cinematic device used by Levinson and Forman is effective use of camera shoots. In Rain Man the director uses close-ups to show important things like hot water that Raymond is so afraid of, and facial expressions. In the bathroom scene the camera is shaking; the camera also shows Charlie and Raymond from many different angles. This device is effectively used to draw the audiences attention to important moments or feelings of the characters. Milos Forman also used a variety of camera shots to create the same effect as Levinson in Rain Man. Forman used a wide camera angle shot on the end, as Chief escapes. The viewers can see trees, mountains, far on the horizon. All this symbolises freedom, happiness, hope for the future as the wide angle shows everything so far away and it makes viewers think ahead to the future. Alike in Rain Man, short camera shots show facial expressions, drawing attention to important objects. A very powerful impression is created by a camera shot which shows only a white pillow and the Chiefs hands. Furthermore, right after this close shoot, the director used a wide angle camera shot as the audience can see Mac lying on the bed, his legs kicking the air and the Chief, who is sitting on the Macs bed, strangling him. To show the powerful emotions in both films the directors use symbolism of objects which appear in the main scenes. Water is an important symbol in each film. Water which symbolises a re-birth, a new beginning, possibly reminding the viewers of baptism. In the title the word Rain may also signify water and is also associated with life. Maybe the director, Milos Forman, chose that name to link the character of Raymond- Rain Man with re-birth, new growth, as the character changes through the film. He starts a new life after he met Charlie. Another symbol used by Levinson in the bathroom scene is a mirror. The mirror makes the audience think back; it reflects the past, and as the viewers see Charlie in the mirror it reminds the audience about Raymonds past. Symbolism of water was also used on One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest. When Chief lifts water faucet and uses it to break a window, there is a lot of water on the floor and its flowing out of the pipes. The audience can see the flowing water which may remind them again about re-birth and the beginning of a new life; in One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest it is Chiefs re-birth as he escapes from hospital and starts a new life free again. All the media techniques used by the directors make a great impression on the audience. Watching Rain Man the audience feel sorry for Raymond, when they see his disability, how Charlie has to help him with very simple activities. The audience feel even greater sympathy as Raymond makes them laugh or when Charlie yells at him. After watching One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and Macs death, the audience can be shocked. But as Forman used the cinematic devices such as lighting and non-diagetic sound to show how miserable Macs life would be if Chief had not killed him, the audience can also feel sympathy for Chief and viewers may feel happy as he has escaped.

John Milton Essays - Sonnets, When I Consider How My Light Is Spent

John Milton On his blindness John Milton was born in 1608 to a Puritan family. During his service to the Commonwealth, in 1652, Milton became blind and it became necessary for others to share in his labors. His blindness occasioned one of the most moving of his sonnets, "On his blindness," written in 1655. It records his fear that he will never be able to use his God-given gift for poetry again. Yet God may demand an accounting of his righteousness. And his entry into Heaven will depend upon how well he has used the gifts that God gave him. The sonnet ends with Milton's acceptance of the fact that what God wants of him is obedience and resignation. He can then serve God even if he cannot write poetry, for "they also serve who only stand and wait." The most effective of the personal sonnets is #19, usually called "On his blindness. "This allusion to his blindness is the first of many in his poetry. When I consider how my light is spent When I judge how my ability to see has been taken away Ere half my days in this dark world and wide, After I have only lived half of my life And that one talent which is death to hide Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent This is based on the parable of the talents (Matthew 25:14-30) in which the unprofitable servant was punished for burying, not using, the talent his master had given him. Milton is pondering whether he will be punished for not using his ability that is useless and will weigh down his final judgment. To serve therewith my maker, and present My true account, lest He returning chide, Milton cannot serve God by using his ability to see and now he must face God in his "true account" of being blind. And if God was to reprimand Milton because he has not served God well he will say the following: "Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?" I fondly ask. But patience, to prevent That murmur, soon replies, "God doth not need Either man's work or his on gifts. Who best bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. Milton wonders, now that blindness has fallen upon him before half his working life is spent, whether God will still expect him to use his talent. Milton now says that with patience his murmur of spite against God, "Doth God..." will be avoided. And patience replies: God does not need men to serve Him nor to serenade Him, whoever carry His burdens without complaint, serve him finest. The term "mild yoke" is a double-entendre. The "Yoke" blindness as the burden, is not so bad a punishment. Proof that the punishment of loss of sight was not as bad as conceived was that Milton, while blind, continued to accomplish what most people who are privileged to see cannot do, to write to well-known epic poems: Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained. The second meaning is that one should bear God's burdens (yoke) in a mild manner and not complain of the suffering and serve God as best as one is able. His state Is kingly: thousands at his bidding speed, And post o'er land and ocean without rest; They also serve who only stand and wait." God is kingly and omnipotent. Thousands serve Him at His beckoning. Milton is answered with the idea that there are angels of contemplation as well as of action; similarly, some men may serve God best who humbly accept His decrees, waiting in faith on His will. Patience replies that while God does not really need "Either man's work or his own gift," He wants obedience and resignation. Thousands of angels serve Him, but men "also serve who only stand and wait." There are many scriptural passages that Milton may have had in mind, such as "Rest in the Lord and wait patiently for him" (Psalm 37:7). This poem appeals to me because Milton says that at first he was concerned that he would not be admitted into heaven because he did not serve God, but later he concludes that one may go to heaven through faith in God. I can apply this to my own life and serve God with the abilities that I have, but even if that fails, I can always serve God with my faith. Milton saw himself as the prophet who had failed, the man of the Lord to whom no one listened, that he completed the epic