Cultural Diversity – All Clients Who Seek Health Care Services

INTRODUCTION wickedness is an act or omission forbid and punished by law (The collins cryptic Dictionary Plus, Collins capital of the United Kingdom and Glasgow 1990). Crime merchantman be perpetrate against a person, place or company. In this essay 4 types of shames bequeath be explained, defined and measured, along with prevalence and offender/dupe characteristics. How do we define holding abuses, rampageous evils, white-collar offensive activitys and meshing law-breakings? office discourtesys be defined and categorised as household and vehicle thieving, burglary, arson, stealing including shrinkage, disassemble pocketing, bag snatching, graffiti and vandalism furious abhorrences, being homicide, pussy/abduction, round, sexual colza, stalking, interior(prenominal) craze and child abuse against a person White-collar offenses defined as shames or activities that include theft, caper, deception, embezzlement unhealthful behaviours, environmental or health and precaution hazards Internet offenses consisting of cyber- law-breakings, piracy, jukes, identity theft, cyber-stalking, computer hacking and hate/harmful speech and obscene imagery. in addition read Essay Snatch TheftWhat ar proportion offensive activitys, cutthroat crimes, white-collar crimes and Internet crimes? Example of dimension crimes is breaking into a car and the stealing of a sprightly ph oneness, trespassing into a situation to attract an offence or the setting of excitation to situation. Unlike Property crimes, uncivilized crimes argon castted against a person and as a lot(prenominal) explained as the indecent assault of a person/s against their will, fetching a life with or without feeling to kill, taking of a person against their will or threats, force or violence against person. In general there is no agreed definition for white-collar crime. Rather, the margin covers a range of shepherds crook activities or breach of regulatory activi ties chthoniantaken by super regarded professionals/educated professional in positions of imprecate such as employer departs inadequate working(a) conditions causing serious personalized dishonor to employees or company director misleads shareh fourth-long time to the highest degree its financials and continues to operate regardless of its inability to acquit debt.Internet crime is explained as the unauthorised rile of and taking of financial records or break of a persons computer, illegal calibrateloading of movies or songs and faux websites set up to entice the unsuspecting person to give access to their personal details and accounts. How do we measure blank space crimes, violent crimes, white-collar crimes and Internet crimes? We clear measure detected and inform lieu crime via administrative entropy.Administrative entropy gives a high level of property crime reporting, mainly because there is less maintenance or shame from reporting of property crimes and as well natural law reports are practically required for insurance reporting requirements. Its terminus ad quem is it does not encompass undetected and un account crime hunchn as the begrimed figure of crime (Coleman & Moynihan, 1996). Detected and reported violent crime give the gate be measured using administrative info. uncultivated crime buttocks as well be measured by victimization and tec surveys where victims do not report crime for various reasons such as victims oft knowing the offender and/or idolize of reprisal.The Australian Bureau of Statistics Administrative selective information on crime victimisation can be derived from a number of sources including guard, hospitals and participation service agencies. Internet crimes have bulky pocket-sizeer reporting under administrative entropy due to the non detection or victims unaware they have been a victim of mesh crime. We can measure meshwork crime by surveys such as victimization surveys or metre agains t the on-going extent of the crime.White-collar crime with the exception of fraud under criminal law is super difficult to measure due to the complexness of each crime/activity, some activities are regarded as regulatory and not criminal and the interpretations of a crime/activity can be perceived differently among victims. This type of crime/activity is generally picked up through regulatory audits, routine checks and probe units such as specialized crime departments, police fraud or relevant regulators. Regardless of the different types of information and surveys available, no one reporting measure gives a true indicative picture of crime.How do we gather data on property crimes, violent crimes, white-collar crimes and Internet crimes? account property crime and violent crime data can be self-possessed by using official crime statistics, police reports, corrective service reports, higher(prenominal)(prenominal), magistrates and childrens courts of Australia, reports and insu rance reports. Undetected and unreported data for violent crime data can be collected via qualitative methods and quantifiable surveys. some examples of such are The national Youth Survey, The Rand Tri-State Inmate Survey, The Liverpool Desistance Study, Snowball sampling, organizational and observational data.Researchers also gather data from past, present and/or incarcerated offenders as nearly as the general public which provide information not only roughly the prevalence of undetected and unreported crime but why people commit crimes. Gathering data on internet crime is difficult. Surveys such as the 2005 Australian computer crimes and security survey, conducted by AusCERT, Australian High Tech Crime nerve center and various defer, territory and federal police agencies provide an indicative sample.Researchers gather data from white-collar crimes through administrative data such as criminal fraud reports, victimization surveys, state and territory police agencies as well as the Australian Payments Clearing Association. Apart from fraud, gathering data on white-collar crime is highly difficult as most victims fatiguet report. What crime/activities have occurred is equanimous via reports from police and security agencies and government reports. Some activities are written off by the victim in the hope that the behaviour/incident is not retroflexed.What do we know about the veritable(prenominal) offenders and victims of property crime, violent crime, white-collar crime and Internet crime? in that location appears to be overwhelming manifest from research that supports the conclusion that age is a factor at heart property crime characteristics. There is a significantly higher histrionics that occurs in middle to ripe adolescence and subsides in early adulthood for property crime. This is thought to be associated with adolescent defiance. An overlooked characteristic of youth is that they are also more seeming, statistically, to be victims of crime.The majority of crime victims are manful under the age of 25. This is different to the popular flavor that would suggest another(prenominal)wise. It is a lot perceived that senior(a) people have a greater risk however, surveys have identified that older people, and in particular women appear to be more fearful of crime not victims of crime. Violent crime has a sexual practice differentiated nature. Data suggests that approximately 80% of crimes are committed by males and 90% of violent crimes are committed by males. This is supported by convictions and prison populations. To render the victims, it needs to be broken down to more specific categories of violent crimes.For example, males be to be victims of murder or essay murder and assault, female are disproportionately delineated as victims of sexual assault, snap/abduction. Although males appear to be highly represented in both offenders and victim categories of violent crime, this does not appear to be the gauch erie deep down categories of white-collar crime such as fraud. The ratio of female offenders to male offenders is higher than that of any other grade with ratio of two thirds male to one third female. There also appears to be an unusual relationship in the midst of repeat offenders and repeat victims.Many victims are victimised repeatedly. It is suggested that residencies with low occupation rates are often the target of repeat burglaries. Prison populations also suggest a disproportionately higher population of repeat offenders. There appears to be little data that describes the victims or offenders in relation to internet crime. However, it could be hypothesized that a great proportion of male offenders would also be represented within this category. How much property crime, violent crime, white-collar crime and Internet crime is there in our conjunction?Crime statistics for our local community has been drawn from Victorian police force kingdom 4 statistics. Statistics for p ostcode 3129, within this contribution for 2008 and 2009 using per 100,000 population suggests property damage, theft of and from ram vehicles and residential burglary had reduced considerably but violent crimes including crimes against the person and assault had increased. Internet crimes and white-collar crimes were not available. Statistics for the state of Victoria channelized property crime such as robbery, burglary and theft or and from motor vehicles was down where as violent crimes such as assault had increased.Is property crime, violent crime, white-collar crime and Internet crime on the rise, is it stable or is it declining? Allowing for variations within reporting methods and survey results, there appears to be stable evidence that preserve crime statistics show property crime declining for recorded break and enter or burglary and other theft including pick pocketing, bag snatching, shoplifting and bicycle theft. There also appears to be an increase in motor vehicle t heft between 1996 and 2001 followed by a decline from 2001-2008.Recording rates for other theft in 2008 as with previous years suggests that it remains the most commonly reported property crime. Violent crime statistics indicate assaults as the most recorded since 1996, kidnapping statistics fluctuated from 1996 2008, homicide statistics also fluctuated but continued to be the 2nd lowest recorded and although the least recorded, there has been an overall increase on sexual assault since 1996. CONCLUSION There appears to be no uniform measurement system for measuring crime. This leads to inconsistencies within the gathered data and the inability to compare between categories, regions and states.Notwithstanding the inaccuracies within the measurement system, property crime is largest represented category and at this exhibit internet crime has little representation within the data. Whilst we would love to agree with the typical media characterization of an offender, we cannot due to large variations within the data. However, we can suggest the most likely offender would be a five-year-old male adolescent committing a property crime. References Collins London and Glasgow (1990) The Collins Concise Dictionary Plus p. 299 Victoria Police News. My Police Crime Statistics for Your Area. Retrieved from http//www. icpolicenews. com. au/index. php? election=com_statistics&task=search Hennessey Hayes and Tim Prenzler (2009) An mental hospital to Crime and Criminology 2nd Edition Pearson grooming Australia Australian Institute of Criminology. Selected Crime Profiles. Retrieved from http//www. aic. gov. au/en/publications/ genuine%20series/facts/1-20/2009/2%20selected%20crime%20profiles. aspx die modified 18 August 2009 Australian Institute of Criminology. Recorded Crime. Retrieved from http//www. aic. gov. au/publications/current%20series/facts/1-20/2009/1%20recorded%20crime. aspx. Last modified 17 March 2010